Example Of Domestic Violence Essay Research Paper

Introduction

Domestic violence is repeated with increasing frequency cycle: physical, verbal, spiritual and economic abuse to control, intimidation, fear of suggestion. This is a situation in which one person controls or is trying to control the behavior and feelings of another. Inside of family violence as a generalized category there are more specific categories, determined by the nature of relations between the offender and the victim, as well as their living conditions. For example child abuse, violence directed against the spouse(s) or partner(s), violence against the elderly.
In society, there are many myths about domestic (family) violence. Stereotyping of the problem begins with the concepts of appearance and social status of women subjected to violence. Violence exists in all social groups, regardless of income, education, and social status.

Body

Domestic violence is a real act or threat of physical, sexual, psychological or economic abuse and violence by one person towards another, with which a person has or has had intimate or other significant relationships. As a rule, domestic violence is characterized by the following features:
If physical violence has already taken place, it is usually repeats with each subsequent time increasing the frequency of its repetition and degree of severity.

Violence and abusive behavior alternated with promises of change and apology brought by the offender.

When there is a try to break off relations it only escalated risk to the victim.
Domestic violence occurs in all layers and categories of the population, regardless of class, racial, cultural, religious, socio-economic aspects, as well as possible in families heterosexuals and gays and lesbians.
Historical relationship to the society and the state of violence in the family has changed. Previously, many kinds of domestic violence were actually legalized. State confessing formal principle of non-interference in domestic affairs, endowed with the man broad powers in relation to other family members. In London in the beginning of the century, there is a rule: "My husband quarrelsome wife has the right to beat her home, provided that the stick he uses will not be thicker than the thumb of his hand." In America in 1824, the law officially freed men from responsibility for moderate physical punishment of wives in cases of "extreme necessity".
When domestic violence has become a social problem and received a negative evaluation of the society? In America and Europe, this happened in the 70 years of the twentieth century, when the idea of the equality of men and women in marriage and at work have been widely recognized. All this was due to non-governmental women's organizations, experts in the field of gender studies and social workers. Domestic violence is defined as any intentional act by one family member against another, if this action violates the constitutional rights and freedoms of a family member, as a citizen, causing him physical pain and harm or threat of harm includes physical or personal development of the minor family member.

In international legal acts are the following forms of domestic violence: physical violence, mental violence, sexual violence, economic violence.

More often than not, as the experience of the Crisis Center, first manifested psychological violence, which at a certain point is supplemented by various severity physical actions, then it can escalate into physical or sexual abuse. The reasons that the victim does not terminate its relationship with a person admitting acts of domestic violence are numerous and different in each case. There is a myth that the victim can easily break off the relationship, if he wants, and give her partner to leave, without resorting to violence as a means of holding it.
According to Nijole V. Benokraitis (2014), “fear is the main reason for staying in abusive relationship”. Victims of domestic violence referred to as the main reason that they are not trying to get away from his tormentor, the real fear of escalating violence. From previous experience is often the victim knows that as soon as she tries to take advantage of someone's help, the intensity of violence increases. Studies show that at break victim to violence often increases. "National statistics on criminal offenses" shows that almost 75% of cases of violence between spouses partners were divorced or living separately (US Department of Justice, 1983, Washington, DC). A person who admits acts of domestic violence can be constantly talking to his victim that she would never get rid of him. Based on my experience, when she tried to get rid of him, the victim believes such statements. Sometimes a person stalking victim or robs her children in an attempt to get her back. For the same reason he can take the help of relatives or friends.
The victim, who, at first glance, refused to testify against a partner, has the same purpose as the court: stop the violence. Contrary to popular myth that all victims of domestic violence are passive and tend to obey, they often use different strategies in order to somehow survive domestic violence and to provide him resistance. Sometimes the victim appealed for help to the criminal justice system and goes through the whole process only to see that the court cannot stop the violence in the short term. Thus, the victim is forced to return to his old survival strategy consisting in fulfilling the requirements of the partner in the trial, because it seems that the partner more control over the situation than the court.
While the court may stop the violence in the long term, using remedies, the victim tries to stop the violence immediately. Using a variety of approaches, such as confirming or denying the fact detracting from partner violence, the credibility of his promises that it will not happen again, the requirement that the court suspended the protective order, failure to appear in court, the statement that she "still loves him" , etc., the victim can sometimes stop the violence at a time. The victim's behavior, including reluctance to give evidence in criminal proceedings, the result of the fact that it traumatized by violence and that it - a man who tortures another person close to her. Often the victim's behavior is a direct response to what he did before the criminal court proceedings or what he was doing during this meeting.
A study in the US found that same-sex couples often face domestic violence than people who are in heterosexual relationships. Why is this so and how Americans cope with this problem? For many years, the American public organizations engaged almost exclusively using female victims of male partners, although same-sex marriage and civil partnership are now legal in most states. Last year, the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention conducted a study indicating that domestic violence in same-sex couples does not occur less frequently than in heterosexual. This year's Feinberg School of Medicine at Northwestern University in Chicago, reviewed four previous studies, covering a total of 30,000 participants. The authors went further and claimed that the level of domestic violence in same-sex couples in most cases is higher than that of heterosexual partners (Nijole V. Benokraitis, 2014).
Trying to understand the causes of this phenomenon, the researchers found evidence for connection of domestic violence and so-called "minority stress" - the theory that feeling part of a minority is a person additional stress. "There are external stress factors, such as discrimination or violence against gays, and there is an internal stress associated with the assimilation of internal negative attitudes toward homosexuality," - says one of the study's authors, Richard Carroll.
External pressure leads to the fact that victims of violence do not report it because they do not want to talk about themselves to the authorities. But the internal stress factors can be even more traumatic. "Sometimes homosexuals project their negative beliefs and feelings to yourself to your partner," - explains psychologist. "We believe that the victims of domestic violence in same-sex couples at some level believe that they deserve it because of internal hostility to himself," - he said.
The problem of domestic violence is relevant for most countries, so in the last decade there is a constant growth of various models of rehabilitation. Model and psychological rehabilitation and therapeutic areas are plentiful, so each center has its own concept and program assistance to women victims of domestic violence. For example, a program of rehabilitation of victims of violence in the United States is built on a panel discussion on the issue of violence. In the first place with the affected individual counseling is conducted. Next, the family counseling. The third - the main stage is to carry out therapeutic work with the whole family. The work is done in the form of panel discussions, debates on the same topic. The theme of the group work are largely the crisis, anxiety, accommodation hopes, questions and answers, divorce, and other jurisprudence. Groups are divided into men's women's and steam rooms. In the women's groups meet women victims of sexual abuse, usually by a husband or a loved one. In the men's group meets mainly husbands who commit sexual assault. The main goal of the group is that each participant gradually admitted his responsibility for what he did, he thought about how he had to meet the coming consequences, and made sure that it never happens again. Paired groups consist of five couples who may be married or be skimmed. They have participated before in women's and men's groups. This group is considered perhaps the most important.

References

Nijole V. Benokraitis (2014). “Marriages and Families” (8th Edition), Chapter 14: “Domestic Violence and Other Family Health Issues”, p. 404.
Nijole V. Benokraitis (2014). “Marriages and Families” (8th Edition), Chapter 14: “Domestic Violence and Other Family Health Issues”, p. 416.
Wallace, Harvey (2004). Family Violence: Legal, Medical, and Social Perspectives. Allyn & Bacon. ISBN 0-205-41822-8.
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Shipway, Lynn (2004). Domestic Violence: A Handbook for Health Professionals. New York: Routledge. ISBN 978-0-415-28220-8.