Example Of Essay On The Process Of Evolution

All the living beings are believed to have developed over a period of time. Evolution process is the gradual change that changes living organism to a different form in order to adapt to the changes in the environment. The process of evolution is slow, and it describes why some animals exist while others become extinct. For example, the evolution process explains why the dinosaurs became extinct over millions of years ago. In order to understand the concept of evolution, we will look at the following key definitions and concepts.
Species is the smallest units of classification where the members can be able to interbreed freely and produce a fertile offspring. For example, human beings are referred to as Homo sapiens. The name ‘sapiens’ is the species' name for the human being. Population can be as the summation of a group of organism of the same species that live together in an area, and they can interbreed with one another to produce a fertile offspring. Variation between populations can be as the difference in genotypic and phenotypic character of members of the same population. For example, human beings have the same species but they are different in race and other physical characteristics. These differences between members of the same species are to as variation among the population.
The evolution process is of four forces namely, natural selection, mutation, gene flow, and genetic drift. Natural selection the process in which some organism is having more advanced genetic traits favorable to adapt to changes in environment conditions .while others with less advanced genetic traits, which are not favorable to the environment do not survive. For example, the extinction of the dinosaurs was due to natural selection. Mutation is the process by which the nucleotide sequence of the genetic of an organism changes permanently. Under mutation, the genome of an organism such as dioxin ribonucleic acid (DNA), a virus, or any other genetic element changes its nucleotide sequence. Mutation and natural selection lead to the evolution.
Gene flow is the process through which genes are from one population to another population leading to the evolution. For example, the intermarriage of the black race with the white race is an example of gene flow. Gene flow usually occurs through migration. For example, the red haired people from Scotland if they were to move out of Scotland and intermarry with other people, within certain duration the red-haired race would reduce. This will lead to the evolution. Genetic drift, also defined as the allelic drift, is the process of change in the frequency of variation of genes of organisms in a population. Genetic drift leads to the disappearance of some genes as the individual may die or fail to reproduce.
Isolation mechanism is the process where the reproductive characteristics of some species of organism which reduce and prevent interbreeding with other members of the same species. Isolation mechanism prevents gene flow between populations. Isolation usually occurs because of an organism adapting to new environments which may reduce the probability for mating. Speciation is the evolution process which leads to the formation of new species with distinct characters. The new species are as a result of isolation from the main population.it can be caused as a result of behavior, physical and geographical factors that prevent species from interbreeding with one another.