Good Essay About Radiation Synthesis Of Chitosan Stabilized Gold Nanoparticles Comparison Between E− Beam AND γ Irradiation

The paper discusses the probable effects of ionizing radiations in the synthesis of AuNps (gold nanoparticles). AuNps because of their unique properties that can help in a wide-range of scientific fields for example physics, chemistry and material science, a lot of scientist are working to find ways on how to produce such nanoparticles.
The article highlights that the use of ionizing radiation for the production of metal nanoparticles is considered as a potential alternative due to the fact that reactive species with considerable high reduction potential are generated in the process of situ, which is difficult to achieve using other methods.
Another important point of discussion of the article is that the both the size of the nanoparticles and their stability are controlled by the ration of [GLA]/[Au(III)]. The concentration of both the Au(III) and GLA serves as the primary basis for the stability of the nanoparticles no matter what their sizes are. According to the article, with regards whether the irradiation process (the chitosan) acts as the reducing agent and the stabilizing agent in the article the result of its concentration is higher than .24%.
The article also discusses the different results of the two processes used for the synthesis of the nanoparticles- the e-beam and y irradiation. The result of the y irradiation found that the gold nanoparticles can be stable over a long period of time due to the fact that no change in spectra was found. It is mentioned that the absence of aggregation in such a process could be used as an important asset when considering the use of nanoparticles in such process. On the other hand, the result of the use of e-beam suggests that the final size of the AuNps particles does not depend on the initial dose rate used and that the scission chain do not have any significant effect on the stabilizing effect of the chitosan.

Nanodosimetric effects of gold nanoparticles in megavoltage radiation therapy

The article suggests that inhomogeneities is actually the driving force for the GNP radiosensitisation. The dose of inhomgeneities on the nanoscale rather than the entire cell changing its dose, contribute to the similar radiosensitisation found in both the megavoltage and kilovoltage experiments. The article mentioned that it is important for the determination of GNP radiosensitisation to take into consideration the variation in the enhancement of different cells which suggest the sub-cellular location.
The study is exploring the consideration of megavoltage x-ray sources in order to determine if similar sub-cellular does localization can be tagged responsible for the experimentally observed ability of GNPs to sensitize cells to megavoltage radiation.
For the experimenters, it is important to increase the understanding of sub-cellular does localization in optimizing GNP-enhanced therapies. Many other researchers have attempted to investigate the benefits of using X-ray sources with larger kilovoltage energy components in order to increase the contrast offered by gold. These attempts, highlights that the dose delivered to GNP-bearing tumors based on the desire to maximize the average dose deposited within the volume of the tumor. The approach is argued to have led to the finding that GNP dose modification of the megavoltage sources has no clinical potential.

Influence of Microwave Radiation on the Growth of Gold Nanoparticles and Microporous Zincophosphates in a Reverse Micellar System

Using the thermal energy to increase the reactions with the reverse micelles without actually destroying the microemulsion is a good method of the synthesis of gold nanoparticles and microporous zincophodphates. Many organic solvents such as hexane and octane are believed to not heat quickly even after being exposed to microwave radiation. Because of this, even for a water-in-oil reverse micelle exposed to microwave radiation, the absorption of radiation will provide an opportunity for the variation in the heating of water cores.
The synthesis of micrporous materials in the water-in-oil microemulsion has used the microwaved heating. Wherein the study aims to discover the influence of microwave radiation in terms of altering the synthesis process in the use of reverse micelles in the gold growth in an AOT system.
It is found in the study that the effects of microwave radiation are manifested in experiment in two differing methods depending on the condition such as the overall stability of the reverse micelle. The stability was no compromised due to the keeping of the bulk temperature below the phase transformation threshold. Both the gold particles and microporous ZnPO-X were synthesize in reverse micelles and were observed under the microwave radiation. The researcher paid extra attention to the fact that the bulk temperature of the solution used in the experiment did not exceed 40-45 °C