Moral Theory And Frameworks Article Review

According to the author of the article, principles or standards of conduct mainly focus on the actions taken by people and try to understand whether the performed action can be ethically accepted taking into account its relation to appropriate norms. Moving forward, the author provides the understanding of Origins of standards of conduct - he believes that they are connected with the understanding of the whole process of distinguishing between good or bad qualities. The criteria of how to do so are rooted in a number of influential religious and philosophical traditions.
It is worth mentioning the role of moral conflict since it highlights that managers are responsible for understanding the standards of conduct where they do business. Further, the above mentioned standards determine morally correct and incorrect actions and, therefore, single out the moral rules under which people in community live during the most time of their lives. Thus, the notion “standards of conducts” is related to respect for basic rights, moral agreements of different types and integrate the law.
I would like to highlight the importance of character and virtues in the article. The author singles out the crucial notions such as strength of character (courage that allows individuals to follow their beliefs and moral norms regardless of the consequences), virtues (they are forms of human excellence, the peculiarities of moral knowledge that can be achieved only after years of training and hard work), integrity (high moral standards of an individual that in addition to the strength of character, provide the courage of acting according to his personal beliefs).
I would like to mention that the author also suggests a way for managers to identify the relevant purposes and consequences of a case – they are supposed to do a stakeholder analysis (create a list of stakeholders, highlight their main goals and think over the actions to be done in terms of the goals mentioned above). Moreover, the author provides the most important questions to be applied to perform the stakeholder analysis. Even more, the article contains short guides to help avoid rationalizations in which the author provides the most useful techniques and methods of revealing rationalization. They include publicity test, reversibility and generalizability.
Having analyzed the importance of ethics in business, the author moved to the question of ethics and the law, where he discussed similarities and differences of these two disciplines. He pointed out that there is often a great gap between what is legal and what is ethical, however, it is not always easy to distinguish the fields of their influence.
As a conclusion, I would like to say that the author completed a detailed and clear overview on the matter of ethics in business and law, analyzes the specifics of its application and peculiarities of each field of study.