Political Science - Presidential AND Parliamentary Systems Essays Example

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems

Worldwide, countries are running through various forms of administration and legislative boundaries. Mainly, there are two constructive governmental systems; presidential and parliamentary legislation. In every country, these systems entail specific details, however; some features are similar. For instance; in some countries, legislation bodies are called parliamentary systems while, in other countries, it may be known as national assembly. However, irrespective of these titles; legislation bodies serve a similar purpose for every region. In addition, presidential duties and authorities may differ from one country to another. This paper indicates comparison and contrasts among Presidential and Parliamentary regime, its merits and demerits, and also highlights the argument about which system is more democratic. Although, every governmental system has benefits and imperfections, the presidential regime is more egalitarian because citizens directly choose their executive leader, decision-making is more progressive and decisive and administrative stability is more enhanced.
Presidential and Parliamentary Systems
The presidential system entails the head of an administration that governs the state as a head. The president is chosen through election directly by citizens.The governing head administer all the operations and perform specific responsibilities. Hiring bureaucrats and government advisers are conducted by the head of state because these officials are required to run the country. Moreover, law approval or disapproval regarding legislation or developing a yearly budget for the country is also accompanied by the President. Likewise, being the head of the state-owned; President is responsible to make speeches for its people, embodies region on public events, conduct meetings with representatives of other countries and invite them to represent their country, and arrange significant national awarding for country.In addition, President tends to be alienated from legislation, and he or she is not accountable towards regulation.President is known as Chief Administrator, State head as well as Governmental Head.
In contrast, Parliamentary system entails the right of citizens who elect representatives as ‘Prime Minister’ by voting among dogmatic parties for their country. Political parties are establishing regime define Prime Minister and make the vote in accordance with confidence in Parliamentary panel. This means that Prime Minister should have the sureness of Parliament. However, if there is no trust or confidence, Prime Minister could be detached from republic state. Moreover, Parliamentary regime involves PM as head of the government while the ‘president’ is the State head. PM is associated and accountable within legislature with assembly minister members. In addition, PM has more power as compare to President.
Though, there are differences between the two systems; there are some similarities as well. Presidential and Parliamentary regime both underlays illustrative democracy and reigned by some similar constitutional forms. These forms define the rules about how to govern the region and provide lawful citizens’ right. Likewise, democracy pattern is same between the two systems that entail the citizen’s right to elect their political leader by using the method of voting. Likewise, both regimes involve state head to rule a country.
Considering the merits and demerits of the two regime systems; as citizens elect their President thus, he or she have more power to strongly privilege the egalitarian legitimacy. President has a right to dissolve the regime without depending on others. Administrative stability depends upon static terms of President’s Bureau. Moreover, control is ensured under the umbrella of Presidential government and this benefit the circumstances of emergencies or war because power and control are in President’s hands. There is effectual and efficient administration as President retain accountable secretaries without being bias on political source hence; the workers perform with full attention as they are only answerable towards President rather than in front of Assembly. Therefore, concentration and responsiveness towards work leads to effective management of legislation. The major benefit of the Presidential regime is a separation of command and powers and each department working under Presidential influence execute own operations by maintaining uniformity.
Conversely, Executive regime involves some imperfections as well. It held large extent of power on the shoulders of the single gentleman, and president face complications in maintaining republic practices. The country’s culture, ideology and image of other political parties also get affected due to personality and personalize regulations. Moreover, citizens could not have control over day to day government policies. Another critique towards this system is; there might be a lack of coordination among managerial secretaries and legislation due to the separation of authority. Thus, governmental uniformity also gets adversely affected by it. Moreover, there might be a sense of rigidness in a Presidential regime which creates hindrance in making modifications in constitutional functions.
Parliamentary systems are usually used within countries obligation established egalitarianism. The pros of the parliamentary system are there are more power and more prominence of Parliament. The legislature becomes the center of focus region’s PM gets more significance. Elected members of legislature draw the cabinets in the regime. Countries’ culture, religion, and ideology are more preserved in the Parliamentary system. This system makes available opportunities for a citizen to create right and clear selection of a political leader for their country.Moreover, Parliamentary system evokes an environment of harmonization among assembly members as the ruling party comprise on number of ministers. With collaboration, there is support towards making legislative policies and conflicts ratio becomes less. Likewise, it addresses various disputes of public concerning religious and cultural matters which aids to promote national integrity. This type of government endorsed as the government of people as it is highly inclined by the opinion of public.
On the other hand, this system has some critiques. This system tends to be not as much accountable as Presidential regime because decision-making responsibility is held by cabinet collectively instead by single man-power. Moreover, there is a chance of weaknesses i.e. there are some feeble cabinet representatives who destabilize or intimidate cabinet and create issues in terms of confidence. And this feebleness leads to paralyzing regime operations. Likewise, as parliament system comprised over conciliations and ruled collectively thus, there might be a chance of feeble government. Likewise, as the parliamentary regime has a fear of detachment and does not endure fixed term of ruling thus, it lacks in adopting long-term policies. There might be a conflict between various League parties that hinder the progress and make failure towards the adoption of the new strategy.
Particularly, Parliamentary regime rules under threat of non-fixed tenure, the extent of biases and prejudice, there is less expertise and the government is unable to take quick actions during emergencies.
With the debate of Parliament and Presidential systems; mostly common questions arises that which system is more democratic. The answer might be both systems tend to look stable according to studies. However, numerous studies indicate that the Presidential regime is more democratic because residents have the right to elect their executive leader directly. For instance; the democracy in US flourishing smoothly as there exist Presidential regime. The president is powerful and has all right to proscription the unlawful commands or weak members. There is an equilibrium of check and balances, and country regulates in a smooth manner because decision-making is done by single authoritarian. However, in parliamentary regime, occurrence of various dogmatic parties could take actions without limitations. In addition, there is an atmosphere of stability in Presidential form because the executive entail fixed bureau while the PM command could restrict anything without having confidence voting. In addition, decisions are made flexibly and speedy in Presidential system as the executive is more powerful in legislation while Parliamentary systems decisions are weak as the PM is always under threat of elimination thus, significant decisions are not made appropriately. Furthermore, in Presidential regime concentration and responsiveness towards work leads to effective administration. Therefore, through stability and progressive decisions; country’s economy could also enhance promptly and democratically.

Conclusion

Presidential and Parliamentary systems play a dynamic and comprehensive role in governing the country. Both systems have benefits as well as criticisms, and both could be democratic according to the preference of countries. The presidential system entails the head of an administration that governs the state as a head. The president is chosen through election directly by citizens. While Parliamentary system entails the right of citizens who elect representatives as Prime Minister by voting among dogmatic parties. However, both regimes involve state head to rule a country and illustrate egalitarianism.
In addition, Presidential regime is more democratic because decisions are made flexibly and speedy, there is an atmosphere of stability in Presidential form and control is ensured under the umbrella of Presidential government which progress towards the economic growth of countries.

Reference

Presidential and Parliamentary Systems.(2015) Class source retrieved April 8 2015 from Washington State University http : wsu.edu