Well Completion And Abandonment Essay Example

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Having completed the first phase of the project, the strategies for conducting the second phase begins. Research and investigations show that high production of water in the oil fields is an alarming issue in the production process. Production of oil reduces because of factors like decrease of reservoir pressure, due to increasing water levels. By increasing the reservoir pressure, preventing water source invasion, increasing the reservoir pressure or using artificial lift technique can help in the maintenance of the production. Successful compensation comes from the continuous injection of the gas into the wells. Upon injection, the gas combines with fluid in tubing and the density of the fluid decreases. Decrease in the fluid density reduces hydrostatic pressure loss along the flow path (Khamechi, 2009). Utilization of this method enhances fluid production in low flowing pressures through tubing. Accurate gas lift design proves rational production from the well with high water cut over than 90%.
Improvement in the fluid pressure increases the rate of fluid flow. The two artificial methods of increasing the fluid flow are the use of mechanical device inside the well called a pump or a velocity string. Decreasing the weight of hydrostatic column through the injection gas-in into the liquid some distance down the well is another method. The gas-oil ratio and gas bubble formation helps in the establishment of the pressure gradient for the flow of oil at any pressure and temperature conditions (Boyun, 2007).
Constant wellhead pressure injection is necessary because heavier injective gas causes more pressure gradient. More gas will facilitate lifting large amount of liquid compared to lighter gas. The high water productivity wells require a greater amount of injective gas due to the shortage of gas solution. Experiments prove that economic production of oil is possible from the wells of field even though with water productivity90 percent, by a suitable design of gas lifting (Szucs, 2005)

Reference list:

Petroleum production engineering by Boyun guo, William c.lyons, Ali Ghalambor
Al-Somali, A.A. and S.A. Al-Aqeel, 2007. First In-Situ Gas Lift system in Offshore SaudiAramco, This paper was prepared for presentation at the Middle East Artificial Lift. 19-20February, Muscat, Oman.
Ayatollahi, S., M. Narimani and M. Moshfeghian, 2004. Intermittent gas lift in Aghajari oilfield a mathematical study, Journal of Petroleum Science and Engineering, 42(2-4): 245-255.
Blann, J.R. and J.D. Williams, 1984. Determining the Most Profitable Gas Injection Pressure for a Gas Lift Installation, Journal of Petroleum Technology, pp: 1305-11.
Clegg, J.D., S.M. Bucaram, N.M. Hein J.R., 1993. Recommendations and Comparisons for Selecting Artificial Lift Methods, Journal of Petroleum Technology, pp: 1128-67.
Khamechi, E. and F. Rashidi, 2009. Continuous Gas Lift Optimization Using Genetic Algorithm, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 3(4): 3919-3929.
Naguib, M.A., S.E. Shaheen, A. El-Wahab Bayoumi and N.A. El-Emam, 2000. Review of Artificial Lift in Egypt, SPE 64508, and this paper was prepared for presentation at the SPE Asia Pacific Oil and Gas Conference and Exhibition, 16-18 October, Brisbane, Australia.
Mahmoud Safar Beiranvand, Saied Morshedi, Mohammad Hossein Sedaghat and Sepehr Aghahoseini, Australian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences, 5(11): 1561-1565, 2011ISSN 1991-8178
Szucs, A. and F. Lim, 2005. Heavy Oil Gas Lift Using the Concentric Offset Riser (COR),SPE-97749-PP, this paper was prepared for presentation at the 2005 SPE International Thermal Operations and Heavy Oil Symposium, 1-3 November, Alberta, Canada.
Taheri, A. and A. Hooshm and koochi, 2006. Optimum selection of artificial-lift system for Iranian heavy-oilfields, SPE 99912, Presented at SPE Western Regional/AAPG Pacific Section/GSA Cordilleran Section Joint Meeting, Anchorage, Alaska, USA.